Anopheles darlingi is the primary human malaria vector species in South America and plays a key role in transmitting Plasmodium parasites in the Amazon Basin. 

These specimens were collected by researchers in French Guiana and genotyped by researchers from The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, generating whole-genome sequence data which can be used to survey genetic diversity, population structure and evolution of An. darlingi, and to establish a foundation for ongoing genomic surveillance of An. darlingi populations.

This study contributes 139 samples from French Guiana to a dataset of 1000 An. darlingi individuals from six countries, forming the basis for the first large open data resource on the malaria vector or any neotropical mosquito.